Organisational management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Organisational management - Essay Example he rules promulgated by the government for the benefit of the citizens in a way that would attempt to resolve conflict among individuals and groups as well as stamping out crime. The police organisations are structured in such a way where there are different departments responsible for different operations but at the end of the day are aimed at achieving the main objective of their existence which is promoting peace and an open system in their operations has been lauded as effective especially when interacting with the external environment. However, there are various factors that may influence the operations of the managers in police organisations such as PESTEL. The open system also affects the operations of an organisation to a certain extent as going to be discussed. As a point of departure, it is imperative to highlight the notion of open system as a way of gaining a clear understanding of the whole concept. Basically, the concept of open systems posits to the effect that police organisations rely heavily on the external environment which is significant in evaluating the inputs and the outputs related to their services (Chronkhite C.L., 2007). For instance, it was observed that in the UK most factors which impacted on the criminal justice system were external and finding responsive service to these problems required constant monitoring and feedback from the outside environment. This could be achieved through an open system that would allow the police service to get feedback from the external environment related to inputs and outputs and then carefully analyse this in order to operate more effectively and independently especially from political intervention. The control feedback is structured in such a way that is cybernetic in nature where the external agencies play the informing role and the police would act on such information in executing their duties. Like any other organisation, the police do not operate in a vacuum but in a society made up of people who

Cold War in the period 1945-1949 Essay Example for Free

Cold War in the period 1945-1949 Essay The Cold War is a prolonged state of tension and hostility held between the two major powers, namely the Soviets and the Americans after post-world war-two period. The term turning point implies that the Berlin blockade caused a turn of events and instigated the outbreak of the Cold War. Therefore, the statement made is only accurate to the extent that the Berlin Blockade was the direct factor regarding the outbreak of Cold War, yet it was not the only factor that sparked it off. Rather, it was the interplay of contributing factors such as mutual misunderstanding, conflicting security interests, willingness to support armed forces over and above those heeded for defence purposes, as well as the doomsday rhetoric. Therefore, it is portrayed that the Cold War was not the product of one event or incident, but rather of the fundamental clash of ideologies and interests between the two powers. The Berlin Blockade was the direct cause of the Cold War, stemming from the unhappiness of the Soviets over the issue of Germany in particular, thus proving to be a turning point in the Cold War. Stalin was unhappy over the Allied plans in Western Germany as stipulated by the Marshall Plan, such as the currency reforms as it would actually stifle the Soviets chance in increasing its sphere of influence into that area. The blockade therefore was an attempt made by the Soviets to diminish Western influence in Germany. However, the plan backfired due to the US superiority in air, using the Berlin airlift to transport the supplies into their own zone. This directly had negative repercussions in worsening the relations between the two powers, causing the definite split of Germany and leading to the outbreak of Cold War, showing how the Berlin blockade was the turning point in the outbreak of Cold War, by which it was the final straw that actually cemented the Cold War. Despite the Berlin Blockade being the direct factor that caused the outbreak of Cold War, one cannot neglect the factor that actually led to the Berlin Blockade: the disagreement over the German issue. The German issue was split into two areas: the question of reparations for Russia and the territorial and political boundaries drawn. In terms of reparations, the relations between both powers were strained due to the switch of US presidents that  resulted in the US going back on its word as agreed in the various wartime conference. At Yalta, Russian demand for $20 billion of reparations from Germany was rejected, with Roosevelt only permitting $10 billion in principle. This however was rejected yet again by his successor, Truman, who was not in favour of it. At Potsdam, the issue was further aggravated when Trumans secretary of state Byrnes asked Russia to obtain compensation from its own zone, which specialized in agriculture. The Soviet Union was only entitled to 25% of Germanys industrial equipment and Byrnes feared that Soviets demand for high reparation would delay Germany economic recovery at the US taxpayers expense. This increased resentment, as the Soviets felt compelled to increase its sphere of influence over Germany and extract more resources. This however was misinterpreted by the US as an expansionist attempt made by the Soviets, confirming their power hungry image. Based on the above mentioned factor, it is evident to see how the issue of Germany played a vital role in straining the relations between both powers, causing more misinterpretation as well as resentment felt for each other, finally culminating in the Cold War. The disagreement over the future of Germany was also one of the factors that led to the outbreak of the Cold War. Stalin wanted the split of Germany to be fixed at the Ode-Nesse line, in which Churchill and Roosevelt disagreed, as it would give Poland extra land at the expense of Germany. The presence of Soviet troops at the line angered the US because it was seen as a unilateral action taken by the Soviets, and that there should be no Soviet aggrandizement at Germanys expense. This led to the breakdown of the Grand Alliance and facilitated the outbreak of the Cold War. On the other hand, the US also carried out unilateral actions in Germany causing further discontentment, leading to the outbreak of the Cold War. This was seen in the case of the formation of Bizonia, by which the West wanted to bring the Western zones of Germany into one economic unit. This was to integrate Western Germany with Western Europe, in hopes of cutting Western Germany off from the Communist East. This move cemented the partition of Germany and was a move that the Soviets disapproved as it would  limit Soviet influence in West Germany. This caused further tension between the two powers, finally resulting in the Cold War. Apart from the issue of Germany, the actions taken by the Soviets as well as the US also played a vital role in aggravating the tensions held between both powers, causing the Cold War to break out. For one, Soviet activities in Poland were a contentious event, which caused suspicion and strain in the relationship between the US and the SU. This brings into question the issue of the security dilemma, by which for the Soviets, Poland and Eastern Europe were central to her security, as put through by Stalin as the question of Poland is not a matter of honour but life and death. Despite obtaining control of the Baltic States and having the 1918 border with Poland restored, Stalin felt that SU needed friendly states around her for security, which required them to be communist. At Yalta, it was promised that free elections would be held in the Eastern European states. However, the term free elections were different in principle, causing tensions. Roosevelt also refused to formally acknowledge the Percentages agreement concluded with Britain in 1944, increasing the friction between both parties. This made Stalin more determined to consolidate control over the Eastern European states, in which Stalin reduced the power of the London Poles by increasing communist members in the Lublin committee, heightening the tension and resentment. Truman and Byrnes demanded at Potsdam that Stalin have free elections in Europe based on how the US interprets the term, such as multi-party and fair election, which were rejected by the Soviets. This led to increased schism between the Soviets and the US, by which the relationship was placed under great stress, which in turn contributed to the outbreak of the Cold War. US actions in Europe also contributed to the increasing rivalry and hostility felt between the two parties, which led to the outbreak of the Cold War. The events surrounding the issue of economic reconstruction also played a role in fostering ill will, leading to the eventual outbreak of the Cold War. The US allowed the golden opportunity to work jointly with the Soviets to slip by, in which the US under Truman wanted to highlight the Soviet dependence on the US aid rather than portraying the Soviet as a worthy partner. The  lend-lease scheme, which the SU was dependent on to rebuild its economy, was cancelled in 1945. Congress also reduced the request for a 6 billion loan to q 1 billion. Furthermore, the loan was also conditional, in which the US demanded open markets to facilitate the free access of US goods and intellectual materials into Eastern Europe. This further heightened the tension, as the Soviets interpreted the US actions as dollar diplomacy in which the US was using its financial position as a way to dominate Soviet economic affairs. This caused the SU to retaliate by refusing to join World Bank and IMF, as earlier agreed at the Bretton-Wood meeting due to the reduction in loan. Therefore, the dollar diplomacy used by the US served only to further heighten the unhappiness as it aimed to make the Soviets an adversary rather than a valuable partner in the world stage, laying the frameworks for the outbreak of the Cold War. The development and testing of the atomic bomb and the use of US nuclear diplomacy also further facilitated the onset of the Cold War. This was seen in two events, namely the liberation of Japan and nuclear diplomacy. The atomic bomb allowed the US to liberate Japan without the help of the Soviets, causing the SU to lose its chance in having a foothold in East Asia. This led to worsening of relations as it went against the Yalta conference where it was agreed upon that the Soviets would have a hand in the liberation of Japan. Furthermore, the Soviets were not consulted regarding the issue. Truman also used the atomic bomb in a bid to intimidate Stalin into complying with the US demands of having free elections in Eastern Europe. Stalin however was undeterred and was determined to catch up with the US. The US refusal to share the nuclear technology with the Soviets or establish joint control of the weapons as stated in the Baruch Plan also worsened relations as the Soviets began viewing the US as a bully. Therefore, the US use of the atomic bomb in Japan, as well as the implementation of the nuclear diplomacy clearly proved how it worsened the relations between the two powers, bringing about the outbreak of Cold War. Leadership changes in the US in April 1945 from Roosevelt to Truman closed opportunities for future cooperation and negotiation between the two parties, culminating in the Cold War. Truman adopted a more hardline  approach regarding the dealings with the Soviets, in which he felt that cooperation was impossible. This translated into a non-accommodative approach towards Russia and the harsh measures taken by the US in dealing with the Soviets, causing the worsening of relations between them, leading to the outbreak of the Cold War. The US containment policy also aided in worsening the relationship between the US and the SU, causing it to be a direct factor in the outbreak of the Cold War. Containment was an effort taken by the US to restrict communism from spreading further through the use of mainly monetary means. The two policies, namely the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan were proof of that. The Truman Doctrine stemmed from the perception that there was a compelling need to restrict Soviet influence in Greece and Turkey. This prompted action from Congress, by which 400m was approved for both countries. Even though this policy was successful in eliminating the Soviet influence, it laid the basis for further Soviet discontent and the eventual Cold War. The Marshall Plan, which involved the German issue, was also one of the factors that led to the outbreak of the Cold War. The MP extended developmental aid to all countries, in hopes of reviving the European economy. Though it was open to all, the clauses stated by the US were found to be unfavorable to the Soviets. This compelled the SU to tighten its influence on Eastern Europe, giving rise to negative perceptions on both sides. Soviets were also unhappy with the currency reforms in Western Germany, as stipulated by the MP, which led to the direct cause of the Cold War, the Berlin Blockade. Therefore, it is clear that the Marshall Plan also contributed to the outbreak of the Cold War. Finally, differing ideologies and government system also perpetuated the outbreak of the Cold War. The differing views and goals of the two different political systems led to actions that seemed to be at odds and detrimental to the Westerns or Soviet interests. This led to misconceptions between both sides especially in regards to foreign policy intentions that culminated into a reaction-counter reaction measure, leading to the outbreak of the Cold War. In conclusion, based on the above-mentioned factors, it is seen that the Berlin Blockade was the direct reason for the outbreak of the Cold War. With many factors linked to the Berlin Blockade, such as the Marshall Plan as well as the German issue, the statement is therefore accurate to that extent. However, other factors must not be neglected, as it was fundamentally the combination of factors that led to the outbreak of the Cold War, such as the misinterpretations, conflicting security interests, willingness to support armed forces over and above those heeded for defence purposes, as well as the doomsday rhetoric.

Mathematical and Simulink Analysis of Relay Coordination Essay

†¢ Operational restrictions at light load may assist the coordination calculations e.g. most large HV motors would not be running, hence their starting performances need not be considered, when switchboard feeder circuit breakers are being examined. †¢ When all the overcurrent curves are plotted for the main generators, transformer feeders, large motors and downstream feeders, they tend to be located ‘close together’, and without much room for adjustment. 1. Radial System †¢ The specific protective relay as primary or backup is important in distribution system. When relay applied to protect its own system element it is thought of primary relay, when to backup other relays for fault at remote location, it is serving as backup relay. †¢ Providing both functions simultaneously; serving primary relay for its own zone protection and backup relay for remote zone of protection. The protective relay must be time-coordinated, so that the primary relay will always operate faster than the backup relay. †¢ So, the setting and coordination of the relay is the very important part to make sure which relay stands for primary and the other one for backup. 2. Ring Main System †¢ To setting relay, the same method is used for both ring and radial system. However, the circuit must be opened, start at the source point to form a two radial circuit before setting the relay. First, followed the clockwise. †¢ The relay setting start with R1 and the concept same like radial system. Second, followed the anticlockwise and the system will form a radial circuit. SYSTEM ANALYSIS: System DIRECTION OF RELAY OPERATION: Clockwise 1 2 3 4 5 6 Anticlockwise 8 13 12 11 10 ... ... GENERATOR DATA: NODE Sa(MVA) Vp(kV) X(%) 7 150 10 15 8 150 10 15 CT RATIO: RELAY NO. RATIO 1 240 2 240 3 160 4 240 5 240 6 240 7 240 8 240 9 160 10 240 11 240 12 240 13 240 Works Cited BIOGRAPHIES: 1.Aniket Chaturvedi: Student of the SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,GTU. 2.Ritu Barad: Student of the SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,GTU. 3.Dhruvi Shukla: Student of the SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,GTU. 4.Mr.Nilay N. Shah: Assistant Professor of SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,GTU.SINCE 2004. HE IS CURRENTLLY PURSING PH.D AND HIS RESEACH AREA ARE POWER SYSTEM DYNAMICS, FACTS , POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION AND ELECTRICAL MACHINE.

Romania :: essays research papers

One day a man named Jim was working at as a herder. Jim was very smart but could not was stuck in the family business of herding sheep all day. Well, Jim had had enough. "I can do better than this." He said. "In fact, I think I will revolutionize the entire world." With that he dropped his shepherd's crook and set to work on something that would make the world a better place. After months of work in his shed behind the small house he lived in, he had finally done it. "AT LAST!!! I HAVE CREATED THE BEST THING EVER!!!" He proclaimed. "Now all I have to do is figure out how to power it." You see, he had to find a power source because he had constructed a central processing unit capable of quadrillions of operations per second and hold an almost infinite ammount of data from only sheep dung. Yes, sheep dung. Well Jim had racked his brain for hours trying to find out how to make it work until it finally came to him. "I know!! Potatoes generate a marginal ammount of electricity, all i have to do is plug this baby into about 1 million or so and i am set!" Jim went out into the fields and gathering one million and one potatoes(one for himself for dinner) and created the battery for the computer. Finally, after months of hard work Jim was ready to unleash the power of his dung made, potato powered computer. With a deep breath he flipped the power switch. A deep hum ocurred and Jim continued to watch, intent on what was going to happen. After what seemed like an eternity, the computer's crystal monitor came to life and the computer began booting. "A SUCESS!!!" Jim proclaimed as he jumped into the air. Yet, all was not for the best, upon booting up the operating system and moving the mouse about, Jim encountered it, the most feared thing in all of geekdom, yes, Jim had experienced the BLUE SCREEN OF DEATH!!! Jim tryed control-alt-delete but to no avail, he tried alt-f4 and alt-tabbing out of the screen but nothing worked. Upon closer inspection of the screen Jim noticed small print, he winced and could make out the letters: "W...I...N...D...O...W...S" "huh" jim said. "Windows?? I never made any windows...." But after reading the screen again he saw it, in plain type.

Wilfred Owen -Anthem for Doomed Youth

These words indicate rifles were moving fast on the battleground as many soldiers were slain, this gives the reader a clear image and uses caesura as they reflect on the deaths in the war. 2) Why are the men referred as cattle? Wilfred Owe;en refers the men as cattle as exemplified by the phrase â€Å"who die as cattle†. This simile is used in the poem to make the reader realism how many soldiers were killed during the war fighting for there country. The men killed are compared to cattle to indicate the great number of soldiers inured and killed. At the start of the poem what rhetorical question Is asked by Owen before he goes to answer It? Owen asks a rhetorical question in the beginning of the poem which he then answers throughout the rest of the poem as evident in â€Å"what passing bells for those who die as cattle? † The question asked is a rhetorical question which gives no time for the reader to answer however the poem does that. Caesura has been used In this rhe torical question because It will give time for the reader to reflect on the question whilst reading down the poem. How does Owen appeal to our sense of sight and hearing by using the sounds of the battlefield? Owen appeals to our senses of sight and hearing using the sounds on the battlefields. This Is evident In â€Å"no mockeries for them from prayers or bells†, the phrase is appealing to our senses because it is explaining to readers ceremonies did not go on in any way either prayers or bells. The dead people were not given a proper funeral or mocked at. Owen uses the words prayer and bells because it is comparing the deaths then and now. It is highlighting the main differences of unreels.Moving on Owen also appeals to our senses by using personification to describe the gun shooting on the battlefield. This technique of personification Is event In â€Å"monstrous anger AT teen guns† Owen gives teen gun unman counterblasts to make the reader understand the sight and sounds on the battlefield. 5) Where does Owen suggest that there is no dignity in suffering during the war time? Throughout the poem Owen suggests that there is no dignity in suffering during the war time. He compares natural death to deaths caused by the war.This is evident in â€Å"demented choirs of wailing shells† the choirs are described as â€Å"shrill† and â€Å"demented† which indicate dying during war was a disastrous, mad and pointless. However dying naturally would be the completely opposite as you would have calm and relaxing choirs singing hymns rather than â€Å"wailing shells†. 6) What techniques does Owen suggest that young men were taken out of their beautiful countryside homes and persuaded to go to the frontline? Owen uses may techniques to show that they were missed and taken out of their countryside homes.One of the techniques used by Owen is a metaphor on line 13 stanza 2 as shown in the phrase â€Å"their flowers the tenderness of silent maids†. The metaphor used he is showing flowers were replaced by there wife's and girlfriends when they died fighting for there country. Family and friends were taking the place of flowers and missed thee brothers, dads, children and wives. Moving on Owen uses another technique to show they would not have a proper and burial and will be missed by there loved ones at home.

Is It Safe to Use Free Papers

Is It Safe to Use Free Papers Is It Safe to Use Free Papers? The answer to this question is fully in the aim with which the free papers are to be used. It is an obvious fact that submitting a free paper to your school involves great risk to be expelled for plagiarism. Free papers can be downloaded by numbers of students and you have no guarantee that if you use it your call mate will not use the same paper as well. Of course free papers can be of use if you download them jut for examples. Completion of some of the written assignments requires knowledge of the structure and writing skills. If you go online to take a look at free papers to be used as samples it can help you understand the layout of the paper, some basic features, writing style to be used, etc. It is not a secret that for an average student leisure is a lot more pleasant way to spend time and money then then doing a written assignment therefore using a free paper from the Internet which is instant and doesnt cost anything seems very attractive. Some cannot stand this temptation and as a result and up having issues with plagiarism. The only safe alternative is ordering a custom written paper which will assure originality and quality. Moreover the free papers cannot be used as referential material or a source they can only serve as visual aid to let you better understand how work should be written. So next time when you go online trying to download a free paper think twice before you use it.

3. How does Japanese consumer behavior differ from Essays

3. How does Japanese consumer behavior differ from Essays 3. How does Japanese consumer behavior differ from western consumer behavior? Japanese consumers have different preferences for goods, different attitude about things they want from retailer than their American counterparts. Unlike Americans, Japanese consumers do not place a sole determinant of value on price. The physical presence and packaging of the product is just as important as the actual product itself. Also, Japanese consumers have a luxurious taste, but they want to save money, but are picky about quality, they steer clear of cheap goods and inferior products. Base on the case, shopping is spread throughout the week in Japan and is done on bicycle or by foot, rather than car. Walmart did not provide a print version of their deals prior to going shopping in their daily newspaper called chirashi, Housewives like to compare prices prior to going shopping, and without that option, housewives got confused and frustrated and went elsewhere. 4. Can private brands be internationalized? Another major arm of Walmart's Japan strategy is the aggressive introduction of private brands. Walmart is famous for exclusive store brands in the US that are inexpensive and perceived as a good value by US consumers. The recent economic downturn has provided further impetus to Japanese retailers to speed the introduction of private brands nearly 70% of Japanese retailers and 90% of Japanese super markets now stock private brands. Walmart has been remaking Seiyu in to their own image progressively and adopting radically different strategies than their competitors Remodeled stores to be American Walmarts and remains to be seen if Japanese consumers will be attracted to them. Finally, embraced the Chirashi (paper leaflets) and hoping that "Everyday low prices" remained in Seiyu announced that it would be honoring the Chirashi of its competitors too.

Interview With a Former Part-Time MBA Student

Interview With a Former Part-Time MBA Student Marci Reynolds, 42, from Boston, MA, completed her associates, bachelors and masters degrees part-time, while working full-time. She is currently a Vice President for a large, publicly traded corporation in the New England area.  I recently had the opportunity to interview Marci about her experience with part-time degree programs. Heres what she had to say: Q: You earned an associate, bachelors, and masters degree in part-time programs. Did you work full-time throughout all three programs? A: Yes, I worked full-time throughout the entire process. I started working full-time right after I graduated high school, then started taking evening college courses in my 20s. Some years, I took 3-5 classes, other years I took only 1. It would depend on the responsibilities I had to fulfill in my full-time job. Q: Was it difficult to find time for both school and a career? How did you make it work? A: Time management was definitely a challenge! Since I am a morning person, I would often get up extra early, ex. 5 a.m., to write papers or do homework. I studied during my lunch hour at work. And, I would go to the library on weekends to limit distractions and get as much work done as possible in short time increments. There were several occasions I used vacation days to study for major exams or finish large projects. Q: Did your employers help you with your tuition? A:  Yes, I was lucky to have tuition reimbursement from every employer. At the very end of completing my bachelors degree, I was bulking up on classes and had used up the company policy allotment of reimbursement. I appealed to senior management and got additional funding for my last three to four classes which was awesome! Since my masters degree was much more expensive, tuition reimbursement only covered about 50-60% of the costs. Q:  Were there any drawbacks to receiving tuition reimbursement? A:  Other than the small amount of paperwork I needed to submit to human resources, there were no drawbacks. Q:  Like any programs, part-time programs have their pros and cons. What would you consider to be the biggest pro? A:  The biggest pro was I could pick exactly which classes I wanted to take on what nights or weekends with which instructors. I had total control and could best align the schedule with my work and personal life. Q:  How about the most obvious con? A:  In addition to the time management challenges, it took significantly longer to complete my degrees. I also missed out on the full time college experience that many adults talk about for years to come. Q:  Was there any aspect of attending school part-time that you hadnt considered prior to enrolling? In other words, was there anything surprising about your part-time experience? A:  The MBA program in which I enrolled catered to full-time students more than part-time, and the homework requirements were not always realistic. I also did not expect to have full-time students in their early 20s, mixed in with the part-time students, mainly 35, in the evening program. This caused challenges, especially on group projects. Q:  Were there any differences between a part-time undergraduate program and a part-time graduate program? A:  In my experience, yes. The part-time undergraduate program I attended definitely catered more to part-time students, and the attendees were almost all working full-time and going to school at night. The graduate program I attended had many younger students and mixed full-time and part-time students in the same classes. Also, there was significantly more homework and more group projects in my graduate program. Q:  I get a lot of letters from students who are worried that part-time MBA programs will not provide them with the same type of recruiting and networking opportunities that full-time programs can. Did you encounter fewer opportunities in your part-time program or were you satisfied with the level of resources made available to you? A:  Since almost every class I attended had a different mix of students, every class presented new networking opportunities. But, in a part-time program, you need to make more of an effort before class or during breaks. After class, everyone is running to their cars to get home for the evening. I do hear that full-time students have more networking opportunities with their professors. In night school, you dont have that opportunity unless you proactively request one-on-one meeting time. There just isnt time in class. Since I graduated, Ive used Linked In to stay in touch with several students and professors I met in night school. Q:  When you think about your part time MBA experience, what stands out? What were some of the highlights? A:  There were two experiences I want to call out from my MBA program that were particularly rewarding and great learning experiences. The first was a two week trip to Japan. At my university, they offered international travel business electives. For my trip to Japan, we visited about 12 Japanese businesses and learned a lot about their culture. We were graded on several large papers we had to write. I had never been to Japan and it was quite a journey! The second experience was a one-week intensive course I took on World Class Business Operations. I got permission to take five days off from work without using vacation time. The class visited eight New England companies who had won Best Place to Work Awards. We met with senior management, got tours of their operations and learned more about their unique offerings. It was fun and I learned a lot of relevant info I could then apply to my day job. Q:  Overall, are you happy with your decision to earn your degrees through part-time programs? Do you ever wish you would have chosen to attend school full-time instead? A:  No, I have no regrets. Because I went to school part-time, I have a lot more work experience than other working women my age. In this challenging economy, with a lot of competition, I now have both the degrees and the work experience. As someone who has done a lot of interviewing and hiring of employees, I have found that the mix of experience and degrees helps to set an applicant apart from other candidates. Q:  Do you have any additional advice for students who are considering a part-time program? A:  Even taking one class en route to a degree is valuable from a personal development and a resume perspective. Employers like to see that you are striving to complete your education. Also, taking classes that relate to your full-time job will often lead to better job performance. If you dont have any college experience, think about getting a certificate first. Complete that, and then enroll in an Associates program, etc. This is a positive, rewarding path to follow, and when you complete a step, it feels great! Last, if you are getting your MBA, do some additional research to learn more about the ratio of full-time and part-time students in the night classes. I would recommend schools who have fewer full-time students in these classes.

Prepare for a job interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Prepare for a job interview - Essay Example It is best to show up in business attire. Colors should be light and decent. It is best to wear shades of white, black, blue and grey. The candidate should not consume a heavy meal prior to interview, though a light snack is obviously recommendable. The candidate should try to assess the field specific questions he may be asked, and have answers ready for them. Also, the candidate should do a bit of research on the company (All Business, 2011). This practice raises the confidence level of the candidate. During interview, the candidate should try not to speak wrong about a concept if the concept is unfamiliar. A â€Å"sorry† is better than saying something that does not make sense. The candidate’s confidence is extremely important for an interview, and that should be displayed anyway. Finally, the candidate should maintain a nice and decent tone throughout the interview. References: All Business. (2011). Ten Tips on Preparing for a Job Interview. Retrieved from http://ww w.allbusiness.com/human-resources/careers-job-interview/11120-1.html. Pollick, M. (2010). How can I Prepare for a Job Interview? Retrieved from http://www.wisegeek.com/how-can-i-prepare-for-a-job-interview.htm.

ENTERPRISE AND ENTREPRENEURIAL MANAGEMENT MODULE Assignment

ENTERPRISE AND ENTREPRENEURIAL MANAGEMENT MODULE - Assignment Example Entrepreneurs are very important as they contribute to the development of the society. One of their main contributions to the society is the generation of jobs apart form the various products and services that they offer. The marginal success rate of entrepreneurs raises various important questions – What do entrepreneurs have or do that makes them stand from rest of the crowd? Why only a very few succeed in being successful entrepreneurs? Do entrepreneurs have special personal characteristics or attributes that result in their success? This essay is aimed at answering these questions. The essay discusses the various attributes, behaviors and skills associated with the entrepreneur that is discussed in the literature. Various authors and researchers have tried to answer this question. This paper relies on their works to answer the questions raised above. Various authors and researchers have identified or argued about the characteristics of an entrepreneur. It is now a known fact that entrepreneurs have special characteristics that makes them successful in their ventures. Bygrave (2003) in his article states that it is the environment and personal attributes that shape the entrepreneurial traits in a person. Richard Branson in his acclaimed books repeatedly mentions that his success as an entrepreneur is due to his personal characters and attitude that he developed due to the challenging environment that his mother created in his early years (Branson, 2008). Richard Branson mentions various instances where he is mother created situations and made little Richard realize about the hard truths in life. Bygarve (2003) identifies 10 D’s or 10 personal attributes that can be found in entrepreneurs. Various authors have different takes on the entrepreneurial characters, but most of the characteristics collide with each other. Followi ng are the various entrepreneurial traits identified by various scholars in the literature: Dream: Dream is nothing

Summary on The Awakening by Kate Chopin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary on The Awakening by Kate Chopin - Essay Example The Awakening tells the saga of Edna Pontellier, a married woman and mother of two, who lives in the 18th century Victorian era. During that time, the world in itself was patriarchal and suppressed the species of women altogether, thus not providing women with the chance to neither express themselves, nor even think about their needs and wants. Edna faced similar situation in her life, as she had to conform to the society’s envisioned role for her, and take care of her family rather than acknowledging her needs and desires. However, throughout the book, Edna’s character undergoes significant change and she develops into something more than a mere puppet of the society. Though Edna stops conforming to the general role of women cast by the society, and although she engages in a lot of rebellion, in the end she commits suicide, and it is left for the reader to think of this act as either representative of cowardice or her last rebellion. Edna’s character transforms when she finds herself vacationing with her family in Grand Isle, where she meets different people, each of whom have something new to teach her. Thus, in the process she learns three new languages, namely, verbal, artistic and sexual languages. She learns about the verbal language, that is, expressing herself through words from the Creon women of the place. They make her understand that she need not be frightened to acknowledge her needs and desires as well as to express them. They teach her to be more expressive and in sync with her inner feelings, this develops her character in the sense that she can name, define and further understand every single one of her emotions. In terms of the artistic language, Edna perfectly understands and acknowledges what Mademoiselle Reisz is trying to teach her. She stops associating the latter’s piano playing with mere solitary images that her mind invokes in accordance with the

Human Resource, Development of Employment Packages Essay

Human Resource, Development of Employment Packages - Essay Example At this level of annual income, he will be able to maintain his cost of living in Texas. This salary will be complemented with a benefit plan comprised of employee assistance program; basic life, long term disability, and personal accident insurance; medical and dental care plans; time-offs; and a retirement plan. He will also be given company sponsored trainings and programs to further his skills and competencies. The incentive plan will make him eligible for year-end bonuses, profit sharing, and salary increases. In this business organization, employees have always been considered as strategic partners who help it achieve all its corporate objectives and goals. In line with the company's goal of motivating its employees to excel in their given positions, it is very important to create a compensation package, incentive plan, and benefits plan which looks at the needs and preference of the human resource. However, the company also needs to balance with its goals of profitability. Higher salary, incentive, and benefits for employees mean allocating a huge portion of the company's revenue to cover its costs. The aforementioned considerations have been the major foundation of the compensation package, incentive plan, and benefit plan drafted for James Richard. ... It should be noted James graduated from an accredited university in the United States and had accepted an entry-level engineering job in a manufacturing firm in San Antonio Texas and stayed there for five years. His interview with us shows his high level of knowledge and skills together with his commitment and responsibility in his previous job. Thus, the company we would like to hire him as we see his great potential and his productivity. The compensation package will be based on the average compensation of electrical engineers in the United States, the difference between the cost of living in San Antonio, Texas and here in Illinois, and the perceived value of James Richard for the company. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (2005), electrical engineers have an average hourly rate of $36.57 and an average annual salary of $76, 060. The lowest paid electrical engineers get $22.96 per hour while the highest paid ones get as high as $53.16 per hour. On the other hand, the annual wage ranges from $47,750 to $110,570. It should also be noted that according to the survey, Texas is one of the top five states which pays the highest to its employees. Electrical engineers in Texas are paid $40.47 hourly wage and have an annual mean wage of $84,180. It is assumed that James Richard is earning the average wage which is $84, 180. Furthermore, the cost of living in Chicago, Illinois is 16.5% higher than in San Antonio, Texas (Salary.com 2007). In order to maintain his current cost of living, he will need to find a job which pays $98,091. However, it should be noted that employers in Illinois typically 13.2% more than in Texas which means that if

Celebrity Interventions - Government Class Essay

Celebrity Interventions - Government Class - Essay Example Some of the interventions by such celebrities have seen the establishment and shaping of policies that have enhanced the lives of the people in the rest of the world who suffer from illnesses, poverty, and injustices. For example, the activism by Bono, to have the African countries relieved off its debt is an act of honor by a top celebrity (Nelsen, 2). Such intervention is for the interest of thousands of millions living in the African continent, whose country’s economic status cannot survive without debts from other countries and from the World Bank. Through such an intervention, millions of people benefit by having the money that would have been committed to debt repayment be invested in other social and economic projects that can directly benefit the people. His concern for the uncontrolled spread of HIV in Africa is yet another major intervention worth recognition, in that, it enhanced the participation of the developed countries to offer free medical equipments and drugs for the control and intervention of HIV in Africa. This way, the celebrity has played an active role in saving the lives of many people in the African continent who would have otherwise succumbed to HIV and die. Celebrities are in a better position to make such interventions, since they can easily mobilize, persuade, and influence people and leaders in positions of authority to indulge in interventions for addressing humanity problems (Liza, Christos, and Asteris, 59). For example, the call for relief of African debts by Bono saw a meeting of highly ranked world leaders to discuss the issue. Such intervention was a success, since it saw the world’s most developed country make a decision to relief debts for African countries, which were perceived to be most affected by worse economic situations, to the point of making them unable to service such debts. In support for justice

Human Resource, Development of Employment Packages Essay

Human Resource, Development of Employment Packages - Essay Example At this level of annual income, he will be able to maintain his cost of living in Texas. This salary will be complemented with a benefit plan comprised of employee assistance program; basic life, long term disability, and personal accident insurance; medical and dental care plans; time-offs; and a retirement plan. He will also be given company sponsored trainings and programs to further his skills and competencies. The incentive plan will make him eligible for year-end bonuses, profit sharing, and salary increases. In this business organization, employees have always been considered as strategic partners who help it achieve all its corporate objectives and goals. In line with the company's goal of motivating its employees to excel in their given positions, it is very important to create a compensation package, incentive plan, and benefits plan which looks at the needs and preference of the human resource. However, the company also needs to balance with its goals of profitability. Higher salary, incentive, and benefits for employees mean allocating a huge portion of the company's revenue to cover its costs. The aforementioned considerations have been the major foundation of the compensation package, incentive plan, and benefit plan drafted for James Richard. ... It should be noted James graduated from an accredited university in the United States and had accepted an entry-level engineering job in a manufacturing firm in San Antonio Texas and stayed there for five years. His interview with us shows his high level of knowledge and skills together with his commitment and responsibility in his previous job. Thus, the company we would like to hire him as we see his great potential and his productivity. The compensation package will be based on the average compensation of electrical engineers in the United States, the difference between the cost of living in San Antonio, Texas and here in Illinois, and the perceived value of James Richard for the company. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (2005), electrical engineers have an average hourly rate of $36.57 and an average annual salary of $76, 060. The lowest paid electrical engineers get $22.96 per hour while the highest paid ones get as high as $53.16 per hour. On the other hand, the annual wage ranges from $47,750 to $110,570. It should also be noted that according to the survey, Texas is one of the top five states which pays the highest to its employees. Electrical engineers in Texas are paid $40.47 hourly wage and have an annual mean wage of $84,180. It is assumed that James Richard is earning the average wage which is $84, 180. Furthermore, the cost of living in Chicago, Illinois is 16.5% higher than in San Antonio, Texas (Salary.com 2007). In order to maintain his current cost of living, he will need to find a job which pays $98,091. However, it should be noted that employers in Illinois typically 13.2% more than in Texas which means that if

Religion in King Lear Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Religion in King Lear - Essay Example The chaotic mixture of fairies with Gods seems to characterize the religious confusion in the play. Characters endlessly invoke Gods, divine powers, and mystical forces; there seems to be an assumption that something governs our lives on earth, but the direction of the play as a whole is towards a radical questioning of this whole idea. When Gloucester says As flies to wanton boys, are we to th’ Gods; They kill us for their sport (IV, 1, 36-7). his view will not do here as a summary of the world shown in the play, for one thing because there simply is no evidence of Gods doing anything at all, callous or benevolent. In Act V Edgar comments on his father’s fate in terms which again assume some sort of divine order in things: The Gods are just, and if our pleasant vices Make instruments to plague us: The dark and vicious place where thee he got Cost him his eyes (V, 3, 170-3). ... It is a world without justice, nor any convincing sense of meaningful moral order. The characters assume, however, that the divine is present in their world, and that it can be addressed and appealed to, though it comes in many forms. Lear begs "sweet heaven" (I, 1, 46) to prevent him from going mad. He prays for "all the stor'd vengeances of Heaven" (II, 4, 163) to strike down his ungrateful daughter, and begs the "Heavens" (II, 4, 273) to give him patience and strength. "O Heavens, / If you do love old men" (II, 4 191-2), he says in the same scene. In the storm scenes Kent's description of its peculiar severity prompts one to see it as more than just a physical event. He has never in his life seen "such sheets of fire, such bursts of horrid thunder" etc., and the implication is that the storm has more than natural causes. This leads Lear to his reflection on the power of the storm to purge evil and crime: Let the Great Gods, That keep this dreadful pudder o'er our heads, Find out their enemies now(III, 2, 49). He believes the Gods are present and that they have the power to punish wrongs - even his own. In III, 4 he acknowledges his own responsibility for how Goneril and Regan are: "Judicious punishment! 'twas this flesh begot / Those pelican daughters" (III, 4, 75-6). Gloucester too believes in the divine, but in very muddled way. His son Edmund feels none of the strength of the spiritual, and despises his father for his naivety: Thou, Nature, art my goddess; to thy law My services are bound (I, 2, 1-2). means, in fact, that he has no gods or goddesses, that religious sense to him is bosh, and a sign of superstitious weakness in others. His closeness to the sisters is clear. His "Nature", it is obvious, is a different

Classical Civilisation Essay Example for Free

Classical Civilisation Essay To what extent can we reconstruct the palace civilisation of Mycenae? What does the evidence tell us about their society and how they lived?  This Golden Age, kept alive by Homers poetry, tells the story of an advanced society during a period in history adorned by wealth and legends, believed to have been circa 1450 to 1100 BC. Assembling the limited evidence reveals the art and architecture of the Mycenaean World. The remains of the palaces show evidence of a rich civilisation. The later Greeks referred to this period as a Golden Age when men were bigger and stronger than they are now (Homers Iliad). This is a fascinating era glorified with heroes and victory, which almost three millenniums later, still captures the curiosity of so many. The evidence used to reconstruct this period is questionable. There are archaeological finds, which include the sites and the artefacts. It is difficult to draw accurate conclusions from these due to their age. Then there are literary sources such as Homers Iliad and Odyssey. The problem with using these sources is that many people believe that Homer lived around 700BC, which means the stories he tells will have been greatly adapted to his period. Additionally, others argue that there is little evidence proving that the books are not purely fictional. Architecture and construction proves wealth and culture. Increasingly influenced by Crete, the Mycenaeans began to build palaces of their own. Initially they modelled them on Minoan architecture. This implies that they sailed across the sea. Later they began to develop huge fortifications. Palaces were built throughout Hellas. The most famous Greek palace of the Mycenaean period was found at Mycenae, the city of the legendary Agamemnon who was anax of the expedition against Troy. Others were found in Pylos, Thebes, Athens and Iolkos. They were logically constructed and shared the same features, which proves there was a link between them. They were obviously not isolated from one another. One may assume Mycenae was the main palace and possibly had a primitive infrastructure connecting it to the other sites.  The centre of the palace was a columned porch called a megaron (figure 1). A throne would have also been found on one side. This implies they had a King who held an important role in society. The first floor appeared to have been used for storage and the second floor was where the women lived. The materials used to construct these buildings include stone blocks, mud brick, bonding timber and plaster, which proves the Mycenaeans were a resourceful, organised society. Their building technique is known as corbelling, where each successive row of stones in a wall is laid further out than the previous one below it. The palace of Pylos was the only one not to be fortified by huge walls, one of the main features of Mycenaean palaces. There were three types of citadels: polygonal (various shaped blocks neatly fitted together), ashlar (squared blocks neatly fitted  Cyclopean walls 2 The Lions Gate   together) and finally the famous cyclopean walls (huge, irregular stones yielding massive walls) called so because they were so large that it was believed only a Cyclops could have built them (figure 3). The walls at the palace of Mycenae, where The Lions Gate was uncovered in 1841, are 1100 meters long, protecting the dominating power of the Peloponnese (figure 4).  These massive defences also show that the Mycenaeans felt the need to protect themselves from external threats. Houses were built below the citadel, which implies a close community. They were generally self-sufficient homes with a kitchen, altar and hearth. Their furniture was varied and frequently included a plaster bench, tables, foot-stoles and even bathtubs. Their homes appear to have been comfortable.  More isolated homes were also uncovered in the hills (i.e. Mouriatada, on the west coast). The constructions were smaller and did not use such high quality masonry but did include a megaron and private houses. One may deduce from this that wealth peaked in and around the palaces. Water supplies were an equally important construction to ensure survival and well-being. The palace of Athens had a well, built within the walls, making it accessible, even if they were threatened by a siege.  The cistern built at Mycenae at the end of the 13th century, extended underground beyond the walls, making it more vulnerable (figure 5).  The Mycenaeans learned from the Minoans, in crafts, in efficient organisation and in writing. This is concluded from the similar architecture, tablets and pottery found. The wave of palace destructions on Crete around 1450 and the eventual fall of Knossos around1375 marked the start of the most flourishing period for the Mycenaeans. New pottery shapes and styles began. They produced three handled jars, kraters (large bowls) and kylikes (goblets with long stems). Backgrounds were being painted red or black as opposed to light, matt tones. Forms appeared more natural, like the Minoan art. They began to use floral decorations.  Next, the Mycenaean Age adopted geometric patterns and abstract forms on its pottery. They made stirrup jars, yet another indication of Minoan influence. As the civilisation reached its height, so did the art. Vases were mass-produced for export as well as for use on the main land. Evidence of objects from afar were found at the Palace of Knossos, in Crete, which shows signs of huge wealth, probably due to the position of the island, the cross road of the Mediterranean in circa 1400 BC. The Mycenaeans were equally as good tradesmen as the Minoans. Their pottery was found in Sicily, Rhodes, Cyprus, Italy, Asia Minor, Northern Syria and Miletus, which suggests they were good sailors and traded with the east Mediterranean and Europe. In some places their influence seems so strong that one could think that they had permanent strongholds there, what we may consider today a colonisation. However, they were not able to enter Asia Minor because of the Hittites, described as a strong, troublesome civilisation.

Project Procurement And Pre Tender Method Statement Construction Essay

Project Procurement And Pre Tender Method Statement Construction Essay Contract procurement has an impact on project performance in terms of costs, time and quality. During one of the briefing meetings at the pre-tender stage of a construction project, your Director has interest in collaborative procurement method and need your advice. In addition, your Director has multiple sites going on at the same time and therefore many site offices. Critically explain why collaborative procurement would be beneficial between the site offices to your Director. Masterman, (2002) defined a procurement system as, the organizational structure adopted by the client for the implementation, and at times eventual operation, of a project. While Love (1998) adopted the definition such that, It is an organizational system that assigns specific responsibilities and authorities to people and organizations, and defines the relationships of the various elements in the construction of a project. There has been an increasing recognition that the conventional (traditional) approach to contract procurement is inadequate (Rowlinson, S. 1999). However, it has been noted that there are still relatively few procurement systems for clients to choose from. Each procurement system that is available delivers project success to a variable degree (Bowen, 1997). In todays context, it can be seen that clients satisfaction is seen to be largely dependent on the selection of the most appropriate procurement methodology, and failure to select an appropriate procurement approach is recognized as a primary cause of a project failure (Masterman, 1996). However, which procurement route to undertake for a particular project be it building or infrastructure works depends on the objective and requirements in terms of its functionality, cost, time and quality set by the client. While the selection of an appropriate procurement system in an essential part of the building process, it is unlikely that an ideal procurement system that satisfies is all criteria will be available to ensure success (Winter, 2005). There are many factors that influence the project performance and contract procurement certainly has an impact on costs, time and quality. However the procurement system will influence whether the project will be a separated procurement system (traditional), integrated procurement system (design build and its variant), management oriented system (management contracting, construction management), or collaborative arrangement (partnering, Early contractor Involvement, ECI, e-tender). Figure 1 below shows the various forms of procurement systems. CLIENT Experience/inexperience PROJECT MANAGEMENT TEAM OPTIONS In-house/external/in-house external PROCUREMENT TYPES Separated/ (2) integrated/ (3) management oriented/ (4) collaborative Separated Single-stage/sequential Two-stage/accelerated (2) Integrated Direct design Build Competitive design build Develop construct Turnkey BOT (3) Management Oreinted Management contracting Construction management Deep Marine (4) Collaborative E-procurement Parterning ECI The various procurement options available reflect the fundamental differences in the allocation of risk and responsibility to match the characteristics of different projects and client needs (Winter, 2005). When client select the type of procurement system to be use, strategic consideration must be considered especially at the stage on deciding whether to appoint a designer (architect/engineer), integrator (contractor), manager (project manager) or a group of all 3 working collaboratively. Under this approach the client can use any of the systems from any of the other categories either singly or in combination, or even a bespoke system of his/her own making but with the choosen systems(s) being implemented within a specific setting controlled by the client. Collaborative arrangement (Partnering) as required by the director has some benefits especially for multiple sites and with many site offices running at the same time. The benefits of time, cost and quality is explained below. Benefits of time: several studies have indicated that by using the partnering approach the largest benefit is from the design and management processes were the flow of information between all parties helps to reduce the design times as designers and contractor understand and are more efficient in working together. It allows for faster project times as the selection process is eliminated which can be costly and time consuming. The project can have an early start on site, shorter construction times and lower risk of time overruns. However, using strategic partnering is more beneficial as it can achieve a 50% time saving it firms use the correct management procedures. Benefit to Costs. As partnering assures certainly in the projects in terms of design and construction results in fewer cost overruns, reduce claims and litigations and the project cost also reduced. This is one of the important part of the project where saving some of the cost can add value to other important works that may be required at the end of the project. Benefits to quality: Partnering can certainly improve the quality standards in building and there are indications that as a result, there are reduced number of defects, hence less rework is required. This is again another important aspect of the project where quality standard not only maintain but improved. Effective partnering relationships will also benefits from the RD and innovative thinking which assist to improve productivity and quality. TASK 2: As part of the pre-tender process for a contract bid document, for multi-storey building projects for various sites, you are required to write a pre-tender method statement. Prepare a pre-tender method statement that you will submit with your bid document. Pre-tender method statement is one of the important parts in the pre-tender process. Method statement is a document detailing how a particular task or activity will be carried out. Its detail the particular risk or danger associated with the particular parts of the project. However an assessment of construction methods to be considered during the tendering is required. The objectives of preparing a method statement are as follows: To enable managerial experience to be called upon during estimating, a demand is created for information relative to performance. Managers find it is necessary to record resources, quantities and time in order to contribute. To enable data concerning new construction techniques and methods of handling materials to be included in an estimate. The method statement may be developed from work study data and planning cycles prepared for an alternative plant and labour situation. To permit the plant requirements for a project to be summarized for inclusion in the contract preliminaries or plant schedule. To ensure the output and duration of different methods and machines is realistically matched. To give guidance to the estimator on specific on specific bill of items relating to plant and labour requirement in order that realistic rates may be built up. In this case study, a pre-tender method statement is to be prepared as part of the pre-tender process for a contract bid document for multi-storey building projects for various sites. Various formats for method statement can be used; like a pre-printed standard format that has been designed for repetitive works for familiar design such as in this case-study. Information that is required on method statement includes the operation or work stage. Each operation requiring analysis of plant or method should be listed in the method statement, for example excavation work, formwork, concrete handling and placing, choice of plant for lifting precast floors or erecting steelwork. Quality of work is also required where this is directly affect methods of construction, number of man-powers and machineries. Realistic methods of construction together with constructive alternative and sequencing of operations should be outlined clearly. The summary of plant will assist in the preparation of the preliminaries plant element where an example is tabulated in the table below. S/No Operation Quantity method Sequence of operations Plant and labor output duration 1 Excavate over-site to reduce levels and remove to tip 70 x 100 x (ave.) 450mm = 3150 m2 Excavate using hydraulic power shovels. Load excavated material direct into 8 cubic metre capacity lorries cart away to top Alternative Excavate using hydraulic backactor, track mounted 360 deg slewing machine laoading direct into lorries hymac 580 or similar Site strip to commence after taking initial grid of levels DITTO 1 banksman Cat. 951 crawler tractor 4 lorries 1 banksman 40 m3/hr 35 m3/hr 3150/40 = 79 man-hr 90 man-hr 2 Excavate pad and strip foundations 300 mm of strip foundation bases say 200m3 Excavate shallow foundations using Rymac 580 as before and load direct into lorries On stripping factory areas the excavation work to the factory area commence 1 banksman 1 Hymac 2 lorries 3 Concrete strip and pad foundations 100m3 ready mixed concrete Ready mixed concrete to be discharged direct into foundations. Site access via hardcored formation On fixing of bolt boxes to 6 pad foundations, concrete work may commence 3 labourers 1 day/ 4 to 6 bases 4 Erect steelwork and roof cladding N/S/C Contractor to prepare central area of floor slap with oversite hardcore for crane during erecation Bases to be checked by steel-work contractor, prior to erection and leveling of bases to receive steelwork bases on one bay of portal to be complete prior to erection of steelwork. N/S/C 10 days The content and description of the pre-tender method statement for the proposed construction of multi-storey building is outlined below. Introduction This method statement is prepared for the construction of propose multi-storey building project located at the site location indicated in site map. Before any work is commenced, the contractor shall confirm in writing to the engineers that the relevant site and survey works is true and accurate record of the condition of all properties, lands and crops inspected. The contractor shall clear the whole area with the boundary lines as shown in the drawing and shall exercise care and attention to ensure all the clearing activities and operation is confined with the boundaries and no damage is caused to any property or vegetation outside the boundary. Site establishment Where appropriate, the engineer shall arrange surveys to be carried out, in conjunction with the contractor and owner of the land, of all the condition of all properties, lands and crops which may be affected by the works. The sites includes the work areas and borrows areas, if any, indicated on the drawings and includes such other areas of roads, footpaths and lands which, in the opinion of the engineer, are necessary for the execution of the works. The contractors shall confine his constructional operations within the site, or such other areas of land as may be negotiated, and shall instruct his employees not to tre-pass. Site accommodation The contractor is to provide offices for the exclusive use of the Resident engineer. The location shall be determined by the contractor within the contract area and agreed by the supervising officer. Provide and maintain water, lighting and power supply and pay all the charges in connection therewith. The contractor also shall provide and maintain all necessary sheds and stores and remove the same from the site on completion of the works. Site access The contractor shall comply in all respects with all local road traffic regulations concerning the road site access, the warning light and guarding of the road works. The contractor shall construct and maintain diversion ways wherever the works will interfere with the existing roads, footways or other ways over which there is a public or private right of way. Before any work in or affecting the use of site access and main road is commenced, the contractors proposal method of working shall be agreed with, and confirmed in writing to, the engineer and the highway and police authorities. Materials and distribution Unless specified to the contrary, all material shall be in accordance with the relevant British Standard (BS) and Code of Practices (CP). Should alternative requirement be provided by a BS and no one alternative be specified elsewhere in the contract, then before proceeding to execute the works or to order materials, the contractor shall give notice requesting further specification of such matter. The contractor shall submit list of suppliers from whom he propose to purchase the material for the execution of the work. If required by the engineer, the contractor shall submit to the engineer test certificates and samples furnished by the supplier or manufacturer of any material or article indicating compliance with the requirement of the contract. Materials shall store in the manner as to preserve their quality and condition to the standards required by the contract. Sub-structure works The contractor shall carried out all sub-structure works including earth work in such manner as to prevent erosion or slips, and limit working faces to safe slopes and height, and shall ensure that all surfaces have at all times sufficient gradient to enable them to shed water without causing erosion and to prevent ponding. The contractor shall provide and maintain all necessary temporary access roads and temporary drainage and shall divert and reinstate permanent drainage system. The purposed alignments and levels of temporary access roads shall be submitted to the engineer for approval prior to their construction. Super structure All super structure works such as ground beams, flooring and roof trusses shall be constructed in accordance to the design given by the engineer. The contractor shall supply and install all open mesh and steel plate flooring and structural members necessary for the support of flooring, walkways, staircases, hand railing, ladders etc. shown in the drawing unless otherwise stated. External envelope Before interfering with access to any property, the contractor shall provide satisfactory alternative arrangements. The contractor shall take necessary precautions to avoid causing any damage to roads, lands properties, trees and other features and during the currency of the contract, shall deal promptly with any complaints by owners or occupiers. Mechanical and electrical services The tenderer shall allow in his tender for providing a suitably qualified engineer with at least ten years working experience on similar installation to coordinate the civil, mechanical and electrical details and to advise the engineer of any changes. The specification covers, but is not necessary restricted to, the provision of an electrical supply, instrumentation, lighting and power for the complete works. This include construction, performances, installation and testing of electrical equipment such as electrical ducting, opening pockets, cable wiring, transformer cables, and termination etc. for both works on the site of the proposed new power supply to the building. Overall working program The contractor shall provide the overall working program of the construction activities and to keep updating and reviewing for time to time the progress of the works, including the financial status, the material, manpower and other related works. Where required by the contract, the contractor shall provide record progress photographs taken as and what directed by the engineer. Health, safety and welfare of work people The contractor shall be responsible for the safety of all persons engaged in the execution of the work and shall take such safety precautions as are generally accepted as good civil engineering practice, including the provision of first aid equipment and personal trained in its use. The contractor shall appoint a safety officer who is responsible for safety inspection at the construction site.

J. D. Salinger :: Biography Biographies Essays

J. D. Salinger Biographer Ian Hamilton notes that J. D. Salinger has been notoriously "famous for not wanting to be famous" (4). Born in New York in 1919 and still living today, Salinger leads a rather reclusive lifestyle, choosing to avoid the general attentions of the press, and thus making his life a difficult subject for study. His work, however, has been cherished and studied for many years. He has published many works of fiction both in book form and in magazines such as the New Yorker and Esquire. One of his most intriguing novels is Franny and Zooey, which is actually composed of two short stories bearing those names. It is one of several of Salinger's works involving the Glass family, specifically Franny and her brother Zachary, known in the family as Zooey. "Franny" relates the manner in which she arrives by train to spend an afternoon with her boyfriend Lane, whom she has not seen for some time. Lane is by nature a repressive person, one who, waiting for a train, intentionally tries to "empty his face of all expression that might quite simply, perhaps even beautifully, reveal how he felt about the arriving person" (7). It beautifully and honestly illustrates the nature of their relationship, which is far less than perfect. In the wake of the suicide of her brother Seymour (which readers can learn more about in "A Perfect Day for Bananafish" included in Nine Stories'), Franny searches for spiritual meaning in her life. Her tool in this quest is a book entitled The Way of a Pilgrim, and in following the teachings of this book, she begins to consider the lack of meaning in some of her relationships, which, in this story, alienates Lane. The majority of the story focuses on their dinner conversation, and the tension which develops between the couple is well handled by Salinger; for example, when Franny begins acting strangely, Lane "looked at her, then exhaled an overly expressive stream of smoke down at his plate. 'This is going to be a real little doll of a weekend,' he said" (24). Eventually, out of mental exhaustion, Franny passes out in the restaurant, "Zooey" picks up where "Franny" leaves off; she has been sick as a result of her increasing self-neglect. The reader meets Zooey, who spends the greater part of the story discussing with Franny her condition. Franny reveals the main point of The Way of a Pilgrim, which is to repeat the Jesus Prayer incessantly until it becomes as natural and constant a bodily process as breathing.

Doris Lessings The Fifth Child Essay -- Doris Lessing Fifth Child Ess

In her novel The Fifth Child, published in 1988, Doris Lessing examines how one couple’s search for happiness has tragic implications. In this case, the couple, David and Harriet, and the family are slowly destroyed by the presence of the fifth child, Ben, who is unattractive, shows no emotions or attachments to other people, and is destructive. The other children in the family seem to be able to cope on a normal, socially acceptable level, but Ben never seems to be able to grasp acceptable behavior. Significantly, the novel never explains the cause of Ben’s abnormalities. While Lessing does not supply the reader with a cause, one explanation I found is in psychoanalysis. Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, is explicit in his belief that neuroses, some of which are displayed by Ben, are generally developed in childhood and that they are the result of problems in the relationship between the child and the parents. This is clearly seen when he writes, â₠¬Å"’The complicated emotional relation of children to their parents – what is known as the Oedipus complex†¦was the nucleus of every case of neurosis’ (25 Nicholi).† In what follows, I will show that the cause of Ben’s lack of development and social psychoses is caused by the way he is treated by his parents. Early in the novel we are told that Harriet and David meet at a business party and they quickly realize they are ideally suited for each other. They soon marry and settle into a beautiful suburban home. They are also quick to begin their family, having first a son, then two daughters, and another son. Their large country home becomes the center of family gatherings and parties, which Harriet particularly enjoys. She is worn out from her four young chi... ...normal and pathological. While it is clear from a psychoanalytic standpoint that Ben’s condition is a result of his parent’s lack of love and nurturing, it is also important to look at what caused Harriet and David to treat Ben this way. In trying to form a perfectly happy life, they failed to account for things that were out of their control. They initially blamed the close ages of their children and Ben’s disposition, but it seems that their resentment of Ben came from a deeper resentment of their own unfulfilled dreams of perfection. As their lives became less perfect, indeed, increasingly chaotic and tragic, they treated Ben with less love. Harried and David, and their four other children, may have had a better chance for happiness if Harriet and David had not made such an attempt to achieve, and even force, a happiness that was absolutely perfect.

The Shack, a Discussion of Symbolism

2/16/09 The Shack: A Discussion of Symbolism The Shack, written by William P. Young, tackles one man’s quest for faith and reassurance in God through several metaphors, parables and symbols. These symbols are used to compare the story religion itself; and from this comparison it is easier to grasp a deeper understanding. However, with this underlying symbolism, it’s possible to over analyze and disregard the fictitious nature of the book. Despite this, there are many symbols within The Shack that are essential to the story and the deeper significance within it. Symbols are used within The Shack to really enunciate the relationship transition that Mack experiences while visiting the shack and the new found relationship that he develops within the Trinity. Symbolism within The Shack is found almost everywhere, with symbolism it is possible to understand God through the analogies expressed. These analogies range from simple to complex and have many dimensions; the symbol itself and the reality it exposes. There are many different symbols hidden within the shack, some are obvious and some are vaguer. One of the more obvious pieces of symbolism would be the story of the Indian Princess that Mack tells Missy. (Young, 30-31) The story is a clear representation of the death of Jesus Christ. Missy is unnerved by the death of the Indian Princess and Jesus and raises the essential question, as to why God is so mean? (31) Mack answers the question the best he can but it still unnerves him. He says that Jesus didn't have to die, he chose to. He then tells Missy that  God will never ask us to do something like that, as Jesus already covered it. He's shaken though by the depth of his young daughter’s question. However, not quite as shaken as he will be in the days ahead as he wonders the same thing himself. In the coming days ahead When Missy is abducted, Mack will think back to this, thus, creating distrust in God for Mack. Now that Mack has developed a type of disbelieve in God, he becomes immersed in another piece of symbolism that he has taken to calling â€Å"the Great Sadness†. †¦he [Mack] allowed himself to consider the range of horrendous possibilities, and once it started he couldn't stop; the imaginations of good and evil all mixed up together in a soundless but terrifying parade. 53) This â€Å"Great Sadness† seems to be a lot like depression but there are some things here that seem to even go beyond such a simple definition. It appears to more than physical, more than psychological; it's almost a spiritual type of thing that hits to the very core of his being to where his entire world is impacted by its presence. It haunts his dreams, and leaves him in a stat e of almost perpetual fatigue and anguish. It can be argued that this state was brought on solely because of his daughter’s disappearance; however that may just be one of the factors contributing to the â€Å"Great Sadness†. Mack’s â€Å"Great Sadness† seems to come more from his loss of faith because of the loss of his daughters which could imply that both of these are the causes of his grief induced state. Whether it’s depression, or something else, Mack has a condition in which pain becomes so overwhelming that there are few options other than suppressing the pain, which is what Mack chooses to do. One of the contributing sources to Mack’s great sadness is the loss of his daughter, Missy. Missy can also be viewed as yet another symbol within The Shack. She is innocent and unassuming; therefore she can be regarded as somewhat of an inner child or symbol of youthful innocence. And now Mack could clearly see the voice that had called his Missy. It was Jesus playing in the middle of his children. (168) However, with her disappearance she brings despair and sadness to her family, therefore she is also representative of great pain and loss. Missy, can also be compared to Jesus. She was innocent, but ended up dying for no reason. Although her death was tragic and hurt her family, Mack manages to gain a new relationship with God from it. Much like Jesus, who died unjustly, but ended up saving humanity, Missy in a way saves her father. Another symbol found several times throughout the story would be the lady bug. Before the family leaves to go on a camping trip, Missy asks her mother and her father if she can bring her insects with her. Her father says yes, while her mother says no, because they will be safer at home. This is symbolic because it turns out that Missy would have been safer at home too. Perhaps the most noted symbols in the entire story would be the physical human representations of the Trinity. God is represented by a large African American woman; however this is just the form that God chose to spoke to Mack through, because â€Å"Papa† (God) says that God is neither male nor female. (93) Jesus is portrayed as a clumsy Jewish man. While the Holy Spirit is an Asian woman, who behaves rather strangely and flits in and out of Mack’s vision and can appear in more than one place at once, (128) these are all metaphorical representations of the manifestation of the Trinity. Mack in his first meeting with God following his cathartic regeneration of unloading his anger and rage sees God in a quite different manner than he expected, which is why God is portrayed this specific way. This materialization of God in this form is important because this isn’t a literal assembly with God. This is a parable or metaphor that represents Mack’s introduction to a God that isn't the remote, presentiment, ominous, hypercritical figure that Mack has believed him to be, until now. To reveal myself to you as a very large, white grandfather figure with flowing beard, like Gandalf, would simply reinforce your religious stereotypes, and this weekend is not about reinforcing your religious stereotypes. (93) God or Papa in The Shack isn’t revealing himself in all of his splendor and sanctity for a specific reason. This is because the general rationale of this weekend in the shack is focused upon constructing a relationship with God. Through this, Mack discovers the idea that God's love extends so much that God has chosen to reveal himself in a manner that Mack can relate to and identify with. God also wishes for Mack’s religious stereotypes to be abolished, so he can be closer with God. Mack’s religious stereotype of God in his head is similar to Gandalf from Lord of the Rings, like a sort of grandfatherly figure with a long white flowing beard. (73) So, Mack is shaken immensely when God appears to him in the way that he does, in order to try to bring himself down to Mack’s level. Through the symbolism in this story dealing with the trinity, Mack begins to start the road to restoration nd healing. The whole meeting in the shack is symbolic in itself because it is possible that it did not even occur in reality. Mack discovers that his accident was on Friday night, and also when he wakes up wakes up in the shack and it is cold (237) and also he appears to be in the same spot on the floor where he fell asleep (79) near the old blood stain. This leads to the conclusion that the manifestation of the trinity, may have occurred just not as a part of reality, more as in a visionary meeting. These events are seemingly real as Mack experiences them and he is able to grasp that there is a truth being represented here through this weekend at the shack and from that he reaches the truth about his relationship with God. Even though it is possible to conclude that the actual meeting did not occur, there is a reality here in the truth of the concepts and life changes that occur because of this meeting. The purpose of this metaphorical vision was to save Mack, so he could forgive and mend his relationship with God. Parables, symbols and metaphors are all essential elements in The Shack. They help to intertwine the pieces of the story together and allow for greater significance. Although some of the symbolism is blatant and quite obvious; there are other pieces of symbolism that are vaguer and harder to pick out. The Shack is a story about, healing and forgiveness, and within the tale of anguish and spiritual redemption there are symbols that act as signposts helping to lead Mack to conclusion and build a stronger relationship with the Trinity. Works Cited Young, William P. The Shack. Newbury Park, CA, 2007

Many of Today’s Drivers Have Dangerous Habits

The cars today have such far-advanced automotive technology that the motorized transport vehicle seems to drive itself. The problem is that because driving cars today require less concentration than the cars of yesteryear, inventors seem to have come up with new and varied ways to keep the driver busy behind the wheel. This would not be such a bad thing if it did not pose such a threat to the life and limb of the driver and the pedestrians and other cars in his path. I am not kidding, all you have to do is look at every single person behind the wheel these days to know that they should not be driving and performing whatever activity it is that is preoccupying their minds, hands, and mouths, all at the same time. So, what kinds of driving activities pose as bad driving habits or hazards on the road? How do the activities alter the driver's state of mind and concentration? The usual culprit that creates a dangerous driving habit is technology. It is not uncommon to see people driving with one hand on the wheel and the other holding a cellphone up to his ear while navigating dangerous turns and traffic lights. Women rushing out the door with curlers in their hair also try to put on make up while driving to work. Needless to say, the rearview mirror is not for applying mascara to the face. Speaking of rushing out the door, today's fast paced life style also insures that most people do not have time to have a decent breakfast before flying out the door. A quick trip through a drive through gives you the most common dangerous driving habit ever to be performed by man. Instead of keeping an eye on the road, the driver ends up with his eye on the sandwich and trying to balance the drink that he so does not need spilling unto his lap. Aside from these everyday-driving hazards that drivers do not seem to realize they are performing, there are also the bad driving habits that are caused by speeding. This is the tendency of a hurried driver to run down a pedestrian is greater and the possibility of loosing control of the wheel is a seriously dangerous reality. Not to forget, some drivers forget to use their turn signals and this often times causes accidents between other cars or pedestrians. By simply using these simple warning devices, accidents can be avoided. I would also like to mention that people who do not use their signal lights usually end up engaged in a violent game of road rage. Other drivers tend to get irritated and worked up into frenzy when the driver in front of them fails to use their signal lights and almost runs the driver behind him into an accident. Another example of a bad driving habit is an over confident and cocky driver behind the wheel. This is usually a bad habit attributed to experienced drivers because their driving route they traverse has become such a routine that they think they can navigate it with their eyes closed. So when an activity that poses a threat to the life and limb of the driver and those around him jogs the driver to reality, they are usually unprepared to respond to the situation. Basically, dangerous driving habits are not something permanent. If you remain conscious of your driving habits and remember to always stick to the rules of the road, there is no reason for one to become one of the many drivers on the road these days with terrible driving habits. Safe driving is practically just common sense and is not hard to follow. Just remember, bad driving habits means that you are just lucky that the grim reaper hasn't decided to take you yet. It never hurts to err on the side of caution and drive safely for a happy long life. Outline: I.Introduction to dangerous driving habits II.Technological advancements that cause bad driving habits III.Bad driving habits brought about by a fast paced lifestyle IV. Bad driving habits caused by speeding V. Bad driving habits caused by complacency of the driver in his driving skills VI.Suggestions to alter bad driving habits VII. Conclusion Work Cited â€Å"Dangerous Driving Habits†. Ezine Articles. 2006.May 8, 2007.

Intercultural Communication As A Trading of Cultural Stereotypes Essay

Intercultural Communication As A Trading of Cultural Stereotypes - Essay Example The mass media is especially responsible for repeatedly promoting negative and distorted images of different cultural groups until those images and stereotypes often become very difficult to overcome. A few isolated incidents of bad conduct from members of a group, and the entire group is often perceived as being the same, that is because when people stereotype, they don’t feel a need to consider the individuals that make up a group after placing that group in a determined category. Stereotyping serves the purpose of allowing people in one group to claim superior characteristics to those in another group. By attributing characteristics that bear a negative connotation, stereotyping becomes a way that people gain a sense of control about the unknown. This phenomenon not only exists between ethnic cultural groups, but among others as well, such as gender groups, economic groups, educational groups, and generational groups. This is particularly true when one considers the response a younger culture often receives from an older one. There are differences of opinion when it comes to language and culture. Some say that language defines a culture because it affects and molds what we believe and what we think, yet others say that language is only reflective of what goes on inside of a culture. When we talk about people, our intent is to make a specific point, and that point dictates the language and word choices that we make. If we want to portray someone in a positive light, we might refer to them as beautiful, trustworthy, enterprising or as a pillar of society. We would show respect by referring to them as Sir, Miss or Ma’am. On the other hand, if we want to portray someone in a less favorable light, we might call them by their last name only, use words such as shady or dubious.

Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Marketing - Assignment Example The spa will offer massage in different variety of styles including traditional massage, deep tissue work, hot stone massage, pregnancy, reflexology, sports and others. (Bplans, 2010). Treatments on body and face using the best products such as Pevonia’s Anti Free Radical Treatment a...... Turnover will be a major consideration in formulating which marketing strategies to be used. Their type and their numbers are also equally important so as to bring a variety of the products to fit in the various types of customers. It will target potential clients both male and female within ten mile radius within our location at a busy plaza in the city. Both individual employees/self employed and non employed employees are also placed in the plan. In order to acquire clients, the spas will implement a very aggressive marketing and networking in the business community through advertising in the media and going to the business premises to carry out presentations, followed by offering the best services in the health spa business. Skilled therapists and trainers include the personnel. Their prices are also competitive in the area so will give a better financial advantage. Pricing approach includes; penetration pricing, promotional pricing and premium pricing. Penetration pricing is nor mally put first and includes setting the prices very low to gain market share. Promotional pricing comes in order to enable the business to buy for long term. Premium pricing will be used lastly which involves setting a very high price of the unique product to gain competitive advantage from the other competitors in the market. Social sites like face book, twitter, you\tube will be of great marketing help, and also in the company’s website. Sales promotion using short term incentives to encourage business to respond and undertake some activity and personal contact between Bodywise Health spa and prospective business clients through face to face meetings and tele-marketing will help maintain they spas competitive edge. The success of the business is

Consider the mediatisation of warfare. Does the rise of social media Essay

Consider the mediatisation of warfare. Does the rise of social media change the ability of western military to control perceptio - Essay Example The government resources and power was no match for the hordes of people which were notified through the social media about where and when to meet for rallies and demonstrations. The Egyptian civil war was known as the Facebook Revolution, largely in recognition for the huge role of Facebook and the social media on the turnout of the war in the favor of the majority of Facebook users. This is a phenomenon which would likely be repeated in the future. There have already been incidents when the media and the social media has had an impact on warfare, so much so that it has also affected the western ability to control the perceptions of contemporary conflicts. This essay shall discuss this point further, seeking to answer how the rise of social media change the ability of western military to control perceptions of contemporary conflicts. This essay shall argue that the rise of the social media has decreased the ability of the western military to control perceptions of contemporary confl icts, especially in relation to how these wars are fought, how necessary or unnecessary they may be, how long they are fought, and in what favor the wars should end. Initially, a general overview of the impact of the social media on warfare will be discussed. This shall include a discussion on key theories related to the subject matter. This shall be followed by a discussion of various incidents where the social media has impacted on warfare in different parts of the world. The latter part shall then relate the impact of the social media on how the western military has been able to control (or not control) the perceptions of contemporary conflicts. B. Body In considering the theories discussed during this course, the media determinism theory is likely the closest theory which would help explain the impact of the social media on warfare and the outcomes of warfare (Chandler, 1995). The theory discusses how the media seems to imply a direction in opinions and actions which is not with in the cultural or political influence. There is a belief in this case that the media has a strong governing impact on society. It impacts on how individuals think and how they relate with each other. It drives social progress and innovation. This theory declares that media impacts significantly on society and it can have a significant cause and effect relationship with society (Chandler, 1995). Media technologies, including the social media can bring about change in society. This theory is a simplistic assessment of complicated situations, with cause and effect relations decreased to their lowest premise, sometimes managed in those conditions. Innis and McLuhan have applied this theory as they declare how the media can shape a person’s and society’s self-perception as well as realization (Chandler, 1995). In general, this theory highlights the fact that the media can impact significantly on how society and technology can impact on the general population. In this case, the social media is an innovation of the media. It is a new aspect of media relations which is also having a similar impact on society and how they understand, perceive, and conceptualize information. In other words, the theory supports the notion that the social

Security and Privacy in the Network Context Essay

Security and Privacy in the Network Context - Essay Example This Virtual Private Database feature controls access to individual row in the database. It works by dividing the database for use by diverse type of users and keep it secure from illicit access. The other technique is to recognize potential vulnerabilities and suggest remedial actions to secure a database system. ISS Database Scanner Software, a product available with Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server and Sysbase databases automatically scrutinize the system for insubstantial passwords and viruses. A more intricate database security device is presented by Guardent through its Security Management Appliance. It works behind a firewall and remotely detects vulnerabilities. It covers operating systems, applications and network infrastructures, and remote online databases. Experiences and experts analysis dictates that more a responsive social and organizational actions should be taken. Accounting for the losses in businesses and the effects in economy, protecting databases from hackers is now a serious business. Our society and organization should be vigilant in protecting our vital and key information against criminal elements using the technology to spy, steal and destroy our investments. We must first ensure that our network security is reliable and constantly updated. Let us remember that nowadays, spending a little more in security software even for personal use is fundamental. Invest on reliable and tested database application; buy only those programs with robust security design. For companies, ensure those personnel in the system administration are strictly following security guidelines. Apply more restrictions to database access especially on internet-based databases that are more vulnerable to attacks. Configure your server to allow only those trusted IP addresses and employ Table Access Control security on your databases. Long-Term Network and Data Security, and Privacy Rights There are many ways to secure access of vital information's in a Network, Database and Individual Private files. At present, Operating Systems and Database Systems come with security features that can considerably prevent unauthorized access. Long-term methods are available from various reputable computer security companies such as Servers employing Trusted IP Address methods. This is done by configuring the server access to a list of "trusted" users only. Next is Server Account Disabling that suspends the server ID after three unsuccessful attempts. This is done to prevent attackers from generating random passwords to get the right combination. Monitor the system; get a product that would send alert when someone wants to break-in into the system. Secure the system with authentication methods such Kerberos Security, a "ticket" based authentication systems from Oracle (Weidman, n,d.). Restrict access to selected rows of databases by employing VPD (Virtual Private Database) Technology (Wiedman,